Mangrove forest degradation and shoreline erosion in the Mekong delta: a case study from Ben Tre province

Viet Nam’s coastline faces many natural and human-induced threats, such as erosion, floods, sea-level changes, pollution saltwater intrusion. Low lying deltas, the Mekong Delta Red River of Nam are frequently subjected to threats. The present study investigated degradation mangrove forests changes in shoreline along coast Ben Tre. For this purpose, we used spectral indices, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for mapping water (NDWI) estimating changes. possibilities, advantages limitations coastal vegetation, mangroves, casuarina pandanus, a bioshield protection Tre Vietnamese (VMD) were also discussed. results show that areas covered with newly planted mangroves showed reduced or no erosion. Currently, several hard structures have been short-term from erosion long-term protection, suggested an ecosystem-based adaptation using coast. A combination reinforced is recommended sustainable